MPH522 - Public Health Law and Policy, Mod 3 SLP Essay

MPH522 - Public Health Law and Policy, Mod 3 SLP - Essay Example markets to combat waste, fraud, and abuse in health insurance and health care delivery, to promote the use of medical savings accounts, to improve the access to long-term care services and coverage, and to simplify the administration of health insurance (hhs.gov, 2010). This Act is important because prior to this any insurance company could enforce a waiting period when you got insurance through work for what is called a "previous existing condition". This would put many people essentially without insurance for long periods of time, many times up to 18 months. This act forced insurance companies to do away with pre-existing condition rules when the employee moved from one job to another and either was insured or had Cobra, in other words were continuously insured. This one Act allowed many Americans to remain insured even though they changed jobs (hhs.gov, 2010). Another important aspect of this Act is the fact that it made it possible to have medical savings accounts. These accounts allow the average person to have pre-tax money removed from their paychecks and put into a savings account for use on co-pays and non-covered treatments or visits. This prevents the average insurance holder from having huge medical bills add up that they cannot pay. It also helps pay medication bills in the case of those people who do not have separate medication plans. On the State side, there is the radon laws. This is used in many states but not all. It is section 10-220 and falls under the duties of the board of education. It comes from the Environmental Protection Agency and it allows that all schools must test for Radon at least once a year. However, there is also included in this the fact that heating, ventilation and air conditions systems must be checked, the radon levels in water and air, potential for exposure to microbiological airborne particles, including fungi, mold and bacteria. chemical compounds of concern to indoor air quality, volatile organic compounds,

Arnott's biscuit Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Arnott's biscuit Australia - Essay Example to a market analysis for South Africa and suggest a suitable expansion strategy for Arnott’s biscuits as it moves into the market, based on their operation al strategy and strengths. The proposed expansion should roll out in several stages; the first of these could be establishment of packaging and distribution facilities in the region with the original products exported to South Arica from company bakeries in Australia. This will allow them to continue with minimal risk of jeopardizing the quality or essence of their product while forming connections with the local industry and community and capturing a suitable market base before the product can be manufactured directly from sources in the region. Arnott’s is known for its strict policies on the standard of raw material they use and their efficient modern production facilities. For the first stage they will require physical assets in form of packaging and storage facilities; distribution and transport vehicles and a labor force which can be comprised mainly of unskilled workers. A well developed infrastructure would be one of their requirements to be provided by the governing and civil bodies. Otherwise Arnotts will not need any special resources (equipment or raw material) to start their expansion process in South Africa. In order to be fully aware of the any challenges or opportunities they will find during the implementation of the expansion strategy, organizations have to do in depth analysis of the region or country they are considering as a viable option. PESTL analysis is a macroeconomic tool which helps organizations in making strategic management decisions; these decisions should be made after considering the internal factors which are in play for the organization. A PESTL analysis and SWOT analysis of the organization are presented in the paper to show the feasibility of the expansion strategy for Arnott’s biscuits. South Africa is a multiparty parliamentary democracy in which constitutional

Psychology and Perspectives Essay Example for Free

Psychology and Perspectives Essay Human beings are given the unique capacity to view things not just the way they are but also on the pre-programmed processes we use in describing a situation. These perspectives can come from many different external influences and by internal factors involving our personal and historical development. On these reason we can employ psychology to study why and how we view things and how these factors influence our perspectives. There are many psychological perspectives presented in the field to distinguish our differences from other people. However, though we have been guided by these explanations on how we react mentally and physically over a situation, these perspectives, though they are limited, complement each other to form a unified explanation on our views. Their questions present different answers which can describe the paradigms of human existence and process, based on the different aspects of their functions and influences. This paper will discuss several psychological perspectives and their relationship to our daily routine of looking at things differently from others. View point and summaries of related topics will be discussed applied with the neuroscience, evolutionary, psychodynamic, behavioral, behavior genetics and cognitive perspectives. These perspectives are best to explain the differences people have on viewing a situation. Neuroscience Perspective First, the neuroscience perspective looks at the internal viewing functions of a person. This involves the processes of the brain in conceiving a situation and the underlying influences that affect a persons behavior. It describes how the body and mind control our emotions, memories, and sensory processes to react on a given situation. In The Girl with a Boys Brain by Carlin Flora, neuroscience perspective is used in determining a persons tendencies and irregularities by identifying brain processes and disorders.   Kiriana Cowansage has had obsessions and successes in many areas of her life. However, though her brain is above the average intellectual norm, she often gets lost in her own neighborhood. She is then diagnosed to have Aspergers Syndrome, a mental disorder highly functional in the autism family. This condition is found usually on boys due to their innate tendency to systematize. Kiriana is said to be weak in relating with other people and in situations she is in. Often times she gets confused by unfamiliar events and get lost helplessly in it due to her faulty sensory processing systems. Kirianas behaviors are apparently affected by her condition and needs attention on how inner processes to solve her problem. This inner view to explain a persons behavior and practices is described in neuroscience perspectives. Evolutionary perspective Evolutionary perspective relates our ancestral environment to be affective of our behaviors at present. The historical development of people and their retained and their passed characteristics are considered to be factors that affect their emotions and tendencies. Evolutionary psychology taps on the affective structures of human ancestral environments on the establishment of emotions, personalities, cognitive processes, and mental disorders (Nesse, p6). In a Psyched for Success article publsihed in October 2003, evolutionary perspective is used in describing the causes and implications of depression. There they raised the question of whether depression is simply a disorder or a sign of emotional fatigue. The article states that, in centuries past, aspects of human life have been internalized and passed through generations to our present life. These aspects of the past are still being used but are insufficient or inappropriate because of our more complicated present. Depression is said to signal this mismatch between our old ways and our new situations (2003). Since life today are relatively harder, people cannot cope completely with new and unfamiliar events presented to them thus causes stress and signals a people to step back and reassess the situation and their reaction. Psychodynamic perspective Psychodynamic perspective asserts that inner conflicts of the past affect a persons behaviors and emotions at the present. It is based primarily on Freuds concept of the unconscious where all repressed feelings are stored and affect our views unnoticeably. People who have abusive and violent experiences in the past are more likely to have repressed emotions stored in their unconcious and these defines who they are in the present. The article In the Name of Love describes adult relationships to be greatly affected by peoples relationships during childhood. Johnson and Maranos report relates the attachment theory of infancy, the characteristic of a child to rely and depend on an immediate relative, a mother usually. This attachment is then carried as children grow old and establish their own relationships with other people (Johnson and Marano, 1994). Partners rely on each others affection and availability. When people are in fear or anxiety, they will certainly ask for support from their partners. Children and adult relationships are underlined by the common need of a person for attachment and security. Behavioral perspective Most of the time there are environmental stimuli that automatically or force us to make a reaction. Behavioral perspective describes this immediate factors as affective to ones behavior. Psychotherapy utilizes this perspective to describe a persons behavior through various stimulus and on many occasions it is used to erase or establish a behavior in a person. In an article by Tim Bower and Robert Epstein, behavioral perspective can detect psychological disorders on patients and consequently affect a therapists own personality. Due to the reinforced and repeated exposure to the cases and situations of patients they treat, therapist have a tendency to absorb behaviors and manifest it in their own lives. In a certain instance, psychologists who experienced having a patient suicide felt guilt and self-incrimination which could lead to other unprofessional behaviors. Also, the distress caused by their patients faulty disclosures have affected their lives with their own families the same with how their family relationships affect their professional responsibilities. Also, mental health workers are at greater risk of substance abuse due to their treatment of patients with the same behavior (Epstain and Bower, 1997). Genetic behavior perspective The genetic behavior perspective relates to the innate causes of behaviors. The hereditary influences that people often are affected in their responses to stimuli are regarded with much research and attention to prove. The concept of being born and not made can be found on this perspective as what the article Bruce Avolio explained. In Are Leaders Born or Made?, he stated that genetic codes also contain behavioral preferences and tools for people be what they are â€Å"meant† to be. Leaders are equipped with high energy, desire to affect others, determination and intelligence. Scientist have spent time and effort in proving that these qualities are innate and   are gifts to chosen individuals tasked become leaders. However, these characteristics are later found with the possibility of being learned and instilled to us by our parents at the early stages of life (Avolio, 1999). Also, in the article, My Genes Made Me Do It, Peele and DeGrandpre genetic codes programmed with certain behaviors are being used as excuse for tolerating certain actions (Peele and DeGrandpre , 1995). Often times, people are fooled with wrong theories on genetic behaviors and on this note researchers are focused on specific areas of life which can really be passed genetically. Also, if our personality is already determined during the early stages of conceiving, people tend to withdraw efforts on changing their behaviors. This perception is considered to have monumental consequences on how we view ourselves and on personal development. These psychological perspectives – neuroscience, evolutionary, genetic behavior, behavioral, and psychodynamic – are established to have various views on how human beings behave and relate to others. Though these perspectives raises differing questions and answers, they all relate a persons process and structure for behavior. The study on these perspectives not only open various doors for psychological exploration but also give different means on how to describe personalities and offer treatments on the disorders which haunt people over the course of their life by identifying the internal and external etiologies of their abnormalities. Also, these only prove that wherever human perspectives are present, psychological approaches can be utilized to determine the wide range of causes and influences of these views.

Mad Cowboy Essay -- social issues

Mad Cowboy â€Å"Even if animal testing produced the cure for Aids, we’d be against it† This rhetoric notion was stated by PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) and summarizes the fanatical doctrine animal rights activists preach to their followings. These activists preach a doctrine of hate calling for the end of all meat eating, wearing of fur, use of animals in experiments regardless if they are beneficial or not, and even push for the end of all pets as we know of it. Howard Lyman author of â€Å"Mad Cowboy† has not only aligns himself with this rambunctious group of man haters, but supports their nazi like doctrine in his book. On further review of mad cowboy one must dig deep to find any useful knowledge, and when you do find it, one sees that the knowledge has been twisted to fit Lyman’s own agenda. Long dead are the days when knowledge was first gathered then conclusions derived, now statistics and data is twisted and molded to grant validity to ones own agenda. I will first show the lack of validity and soundness to Howard’s claim that A) a vegan lifestyle is a healthier choice and B) his claim that one must switch to that lifestyle to enjoy these said benefits. To the claim made in A, Howard uses his own health problems he endured on his meat diet, and uses it as a constant variable comparing it to his now relative healthy lifestyle as a vegan. On first glance anyone who eats a calorie-laden, unbalanced diet and ends up weighing 300 pounds, as Lyman himself admitted, will have health problems regardless of his orientation to meat or vegetables. With this said his comparing analogy is inertly flawed and must be disregarded from the argument he presents. On march 8 before the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, Mary K Young, MS.,R.D,NCBA Director of Nutrition Research and Information, presented the benefits of eating meat. Using Data from the 1995 USDA Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSI) she confirms that red mea t enhances one overall diet quality. Young goes on to point out that red meat is the number one source for protein, B12, and zinc, number 2 source for B6 and third greatest source for iron, niacin and potassium. She also pointed out that red meat alone has the greatest concentrates of iron and zinc together. Also included cited in Young’s report was the research recently published in the Journal of the American... ...tempt to diffuse violence. To even state that mans use of animals is immoral, and to claim that we have no right over our lives and must sacrifice our welfare for the sake of beings that cannot even think or grasp the concept of morality is ridicules. We would be elevating amoral animals to a moral level that is higher than our own, thus granting animals rights is not only fictional but wrong. In the words of Mat Block â€Å"Cows or cats would eat us to if they had a chance. Do not mistake a cats respect for one that is dominate for love, they are killers plain and simple and if you do not believe me ask their friends the birds† In conclusion one can see that their convictions closes their eyes to the facts present. I find a little humor that the first nation to grant animals rights was Nazi Germany, showing that animal right activist and Nazis have more in common than their fanatical approach to their ideals. The problem with Lyman and all the rest is their lack of empathy for others approach. There are numerous animal groups who respect others opinions and are not radical at all. But when you state that there is only one way in life and that way is your own, you have a problem.

Emotional and practical difficulties Essay

â€Å"Approximately 240,000 children every year find themselves experiencing the emotional and practical difficulties arising from their parents separating or divorcing. † (NACCC 2001). In most cases parents can be responsible, put their own feelings aside and do what is best by their children by mutually agreeing on contact without the use of solicitors and the courts etc. Unfortunately however there are many cases where this does not occur. Usually this happens through lack of trust and communication, which develops because of many different reasons e. g.  one partner having an affair. As a result of this many children lose contact with close attachment figures and many members of their extended family. If children are denied contact with their non-residential parent they may start to feel rejected or abandoned, blame themselves for what has happened, feel increasingly insecure and may even become withdrawn and in some cases depressed. Research by the NACCC has indicated that children who experience this situation may start to take unnecessary risks or even harm themselves through feelings such as ‘I just don’t care anymore’. In many cases children have become rebellious and in some cases to the extent of anti-social behaviour within their communities and in school or wherever they can receive the most attention. Most disturbingly however many researchers state that the denial of contact can lead to a child experiencing difficulties in establishing happy and lasting relationships in adulthood and thus the cycle continues. â€Å"A Child Contact Centre is a meeting place where children of separated families can enjoy contact with one or both parents, and sometimes other family members, in a comfortable and safe environment when there is no viable alternative. † (NACCC 2001). Child Contact Centres can ensure that children involved in parental disputes can not only enjoy contact with a non-residential parent (s) and/or other family members but:There are currently 280 Child Contact Centres throughout England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Here in N. I. there are four Centres. Three of these are in Belfast and Cookstown hosts the fourth. Knock Child Contact Centre on the Kings Road in East Belfast is taken as the example. It is staffed by approximately 40 volunteers who are trained in rigorous child protection, domestic violence and conflict, confidentiality approaches and other relevant areas. The centre is organised and co-ordinated by a senior social worker. It is overseen by a management committee and is now an independent charity. During the year 1 June 2002 to 31 May 2003, 74 families used the Knock Child Contact Centre. This involved 102 children and provided 784 family contact visits or 1043 individual children’s visits. There were also 56 visits where children came but the contact adult did not attend and 80 visits where the contact adult attended but the children were not brought. These situations can be very disappointing and distressing for both children and adults. Seventy per cent of the children attending the Centre in 2002/2003 were in the 0-5 years age range (71 children), 26% were between 6 and 10 years of age (27 children) and 4% were 11 years of age and older (4 children). While the majority of contact adults are fathers, in the past year, the number of mothers coming for contact with their children has risen from 11% to 19% (14 mothers). In 10 families the resident adult was the father, in one the grandparents, one was an aunt and in two families the children were in foster care. The remaining resident adults were mothers. Most of the families using the Knock Child Contact Centre have been involved in the legal system. Sixty-three families (85%) had contact orders when they were referred to the Centre and others obtained orders during the time they were using the Centre. In 22 cases (30%) there were non molestation orders, with allegations of domestic violence in a further 16 families. The Knock Child Contact Centre is open on Saturdays from 10. 00 am till 12 noon. Between 10 and 15 families attend and there are usually 8 volunteers plus the Coordinator present. Throughout the year the Centre continued to open on Wednesdays from 2.30 to 4. 30 pm. From the middle of June 2003, this has been extended to 3. 00 – 7. 00 pm to enable older children to attend after school and also to make midweek contact available to parents who are working. Four volunteers plus the Coordinator are present on Wednesdays. Throughout the first few visits families arrive where adults are apprehensive, often hurt and angry, and children are upset and confused. Over a period of time, in most cases, tensions lessen between parents and trust and confidence begin to build again to the extent that families can move on and make their own arrangements in the community. Ideally, the Child Contact Centre is a stepping stone which provides a neutral, relaxed setting for children to build or rebuild relationships with a parent or other relative with great practical and emotional support. It is not a â€Å"normal† situation or a long-term solution. â€Å"Attachment theory supplies us with an understanding of the abiding need for secure attachments, the profound significance of separation and loss and the lifelong importance of our relationship with others. † (Fox, I. Website 1).

Implications for Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

Special Education Teacher Preparation in Classroom Management: Implications for Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders Foundations of Exceptionality (EDUC 521)Special Education Teacher Preparation in Classroom Management:Implications for Students with Emotional and Behavioral DisordersClassroom management and organization plays a vital role in the learning process for all students, and especially in students having EBD. The research conducted in the article, Special Education Teacher Preparation in Classroom Management: Implications for Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, by Regina Oliver and Daniel Reschly, examines the question â€Å"Do academic courses and training prepare special education teachers to know how to cope with the needs of EBD children in the classroom?† Special education teachers need the skills to manage the classroom effectively; lacking this knowledge can lead to students spending too much time outside the classroom and the learning process.To examine the academics in teacher preparation programs a study was conducted using syllabi from these programs employing information from a larger assessment of higher education institutions; only classroom management categories were evaluated. In measuring this data the Innovation Configuration (IC) chart was utilized; IC’s are the usual form of quantifying assessment (Oliver & Reschly, 2010).The results indicate that many institutions of higher learning were lacking in areas of curriculum preparing special education teachers to work with EBD students and their behaviors in the classroom. Areas established to be lacking were: active supervision and student engagement, classroom routines, structured environment, and school wide behavioral expectations. In the syllabi from the institutions many of the elements listed were not included and 42% did not include teaching how to set up classroom rules; a well planned set of rules and expectations in the classroom is a pr eventive  approach to discipline (2010).One can see that there could be a correlation between teacher preparation curriculum and EBD student’s behaviors and the learning process; further studies are needed to ascertain a connection. Students and teachers would greatly gain from such studies, because it could warrant a change in curriculum and training.

Advantage of Internet Essays

Advantage of Internet Essays Advantage of Internet Paper Advantage of Internet Paper 1 Organic Chemistry 261(270, 271) Midterm-I Examination September 29, 2008 Name (print) ID No. Time: 50 minutes Total number of pages: 6 Answer all questions in the space provided. Question I. (15. 0) II. (14. 0) III. (14. 0) IV. (15. 0) V. (10. 0) Total (68. 0) Percentage Mark GOOD LUCK 2 (9. 0) 1. a) Write a Lewis structure for each of the following compounds showing any unshared electron pairs. b) Calculate the formal charge on each atom other than hydrogen. Be sure to show your calculations. a) CH3OH2 EC(c) = 1/2(8) = 4 FC(c) = 4- 4 = 0 H H H C O H H EC (O) = 1/2 (6) + 2 = 5 FC (O) = 6-5 = +1 b) (CH3)3CO H C H H H C C O HH C H c) (CH3)2O-BF3 H HH C F H H C O B F H F (6. 0) 2. H H Formal charge calculations for (b, c) as of part (a) Which resonance form in the following pairs would contribute more to the Hybrid (more stable)? Explain the reason for your choice. a) CH3CH CH CH OH CH3CH CH CH OH Carbon of the other structure do not meet the octet rule O CH3 More stable because of more covalent bonds O c) CH2 C CH3 CH2 O C CH3 Negative charge resides on more electronegative atom. O C NH2 b) CH3 C NH2 3 (8. ) II a) Write a dash formula for each of the following compounds showing any unshared electron pairs. b) predict the hybridization of the indicated atom in each molecule? a) CH3 CH N CH3 Answers: sp3 a) CH3 sp3 O b) CH3 C C C H sp2 sp2 sp3 CH N CH3 sp sp O C C C H sp2 sp2 b) CH3 sp3 sp c) CH3BeCH3 c) CH3BeCH3 sp3 d) BH4 d) BH4 (6. 0) 2. Which compound in each of the following pairs would have the higher boiling point? Explain a reason for your answer. a) CH3CH2CH2OH or CH3CH2OCH3 Alcohol, because of hydrogen bonding b) or O Ketone, because of dipole-dipole intractions c) N H or N CH3 Primary amine, because of hydrogen bonding 4 (8. 0) III 1. a) Draw structures of three alkyl bromide with the formula C4H9Br b) Classify each as to whether it is primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl bromide. CH3CH2CH2 CH2Br primary CH3 CH3CH2 CHBr CH3 CH3 C Br tertiary CH3 (6. 0) 2. Write a condensed structural formula for each of the following compound. O seconday a) O (CH3)2CHCOCH(CH3)2 or (CH3)2CH C CH(CH3)3 b) NH CH3 CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2NHCH2CH3 or CH3CH2 H CHCH2NCH2CH3 OH OH CH2 CH2 CH CH CH CH CH3 c) 5 (15. 0) IV 1. Draw a structure for compounds that meet the following descriptions. a) Two amines with the formula C3H9N CH3CH2CH2NH2 and CH3NHCH2CH3 and Many other possibilities. b) Two ketones with the formula C5H10O O CH3CH2 and O CH2CH3 CH3 C CH2CH2CH3 C Many other possibilities. c) Two ethers with the formulas C4H8O O O and Many other possibilities. d) Draw bond-line structures of two cyclic compounds with molecular formula C4H8. e) Draw an isomer of CH3CH2CH2CH2C N CH3 CH3CHCH2C N with the same functional group. and one more possibility 6 (10. 0) V. What is the relationship between the members of the following pairs? That is, are they Stereoisomers, constitutional isomers, the same, or resonance structure. Explain the reason for your choice. CH3 CH a) CH2 CHCH2CH3 and H2C CH2 Answer: constitutional isomers same molecular formula, but different connectivity of atoms). b) NH2 and NH2 Answer: Resonance structures- (same connectivity of atoms, but different distribution of electrons. CH3 c) CH3 C CH3 CH3 Answer: different drawing of the same molecule , same Molecular formula or (CH3)3C CH3 d) H H3C C C CH3 H and H3C H C C CH3 H Answer: stereoisomers (cis-trans isomers) different location of atoms in space, but same molecular formula. 7 Periodic Table of the Elements 1 1 18 2 H 1. 00794 3 2 4 13 5 14 6 15 7 16 8 17 9 He 4. 002602 10 Li 6. 941 11 Be 9. 012182 12 B 10. 811 13 C 12. 0107 14 N 14. 0067 15 O S 32. 065 34 F Cl 35. 453 35 Ne Ar 39. 948 36 15. 9994 18. 9984032 20. 1797 16 17 18 Na 22. 989770 Mg 24. 3050 20 3 21 4 22 5 23 6 24 7 25 8 26 9 27 10 28 11 29 12 30 Al Sc 44. 95591 39 Si Ge 72. 64 50 P As 74. 92160 51 19 26. 981538 28. 0855 30. 973761 31 32 33 K 39. 0983 37 Ca 40. 078 38 Ti 47. 867 40 V 50. 9415 41 Cr Mo 95. 94 74 Mn Tc [97. 9072] 75 Fe 55. 845 44 Co 58. 9332 45 Ni 58. 6934 46 Cu 63. 546 47 Zn 65. 39 48 Ga 69. 723 49 Se 78. 96 52 Br 79. 904 53 Kr 83. 80 54 51. 9961 54. 938049 42 43 Rb 85. 678 55 Sr 87. 62 56 Y 88. 90585 57 Zr 91. 224 72 Nb 92. 90638 73 Ru 101. 07 76 Rh 102. 9055 77 Pd 106. 42 78 Ag 107. 8682 79 Cd 112. 411 80 In 114. 818 81 Sn 118. 71 82 Sb 121. 76 83 Te 127. 60 84 I At Xe Rn 126. 90447 131. 293 85 86 Cs Fr Ba Ra La * 138. 9055 89 Hf 178. 49 104 Ta 180. 9479 105 W 183. 84 106 Re 186. 207 107 Os 190. 23 108 Ir 192. 217 109 Pt Ds [281] 64 Au Rg [272] 65 Hg 200. 59 112 Tl 204. 3833 113 Pb 207. 2 114 Bi Po 132. 90545 137. 327 87 88 195. 078 196. 96655 110 111 208. 98038 [208. 9824] [209. 9871] [222. 0176] 115 116 117 118 Ac** Rf 58 Db 59 Sg 60 Bh 61 Hs [277] 62 Mt [268. 1388] 63 Uub [285] 66 Uut [285] 67 Uuq Uup Uuh [289] 68 [288] 69 [289] 70 71 [223. 0197] [226. 0254] [227. 0277] [261. 1088] [262. 1141] [266. 1219] [264. 12] * Ce ** Th Pr Pa Nd 144. 24 92 Pm [144. 9127] 93 Sm 150. 36 94 Eu 151. 964 95 Gd 157. 25 96 Tb 158. 92534 97 Dy 162. 50 98 Ho Es Er Fm Tm Md Yb 173. 04 102 Lu 174. 967 103 140. 116 140. 90765 90 91 164. 93032 167. 259 168. 93421 99 100 101 U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf No Lr 232. 0381 231. 03588 238. 02891 [237. 0482] [244. 0642] [243. 0614] [247. 0704] [247. 0703] [251. 0796] [252. 0830] [257. 0951] [258. 0984] [259. 1010] [262. 1097]